Anatomy of Flowering Plants, MCQ Topic wise
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1. What is the study of the internal structure of plants called?
A. Physiology
B. Anatomy
C. Morphology
D. Cytology
The correct answer is B. Anatomy.
Explanation:
Anatomy refers to the study of internal structures and organization of plant parts, as opposed to morphology, which is about external features.
Explanation:
Anatomy refers to the study of internal structures and organization of plant parts, as opposed to morphology, which is about external features.
2. Which tissue is responsible for the transport of water in plants?
A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Parenchyma
D. Collenchyma
The correct answer is A. Xylem.
Explanation:
Xylem is the vascular tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved minerals from roots to the rest of the plant.
Explanation:
Xylem is the vascular tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved minerals from roots to the rest of the plant.
3. What is the primary function of stomata in plants?
A. Absorption of nutrients
B. Gas exchange
C. Storage of food
D. Transport of water
The correct answer is B. Gas exchange.
Explanation:
Stomata are small pores on the surface of leaves that facilitate gas exchange and transpiration.
Explanation:
Stomata are small pores on the surface of leaves that facilitate gas exchange and transpiration.
4. Which hormone in plants is responsible for growth towards light?
A. Cytokinin
B. Auxin
C. Gibberellin
D. Abscisic acid
The correct answer is B. Auxin.
Explanation:
Auxin regulates phototropism, allowing plants to grow towards light by elongating cells on the darker side.
Explanation:
Auxin regulates phototropism, allowing plants to grow towards light by elongating cells on the darker side.
5. Which process is involved in the movement of water from roots to leaves?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Transpiration
C. Respiration
D. Osmosis
The correct answer is B. Transpiration.
Explanation:
Transpiration creates a suction force in the xylem that draws water upwards from roots to leaves.
Explanation:
Transpiration creates a suction force in the xylem that draws water upwards from roots to leaves.
6. Which plant tissue is mainly responsible for photosynthesis?
A. Chlorenchyma
B. Collenchyma
C. Sclerenchyma
D. Parenchyma
The correct answer is A. Chlorenchyma.
Explanation:
Chlorenchyma contains chloroplasts, which are essential for the process of photosynthesis in plants.
Explanation:
Chlorenchyma contains chloroplasts, which are essential for the process of photosynthesis in plants.
7. What is the primary function of root hairs in plants?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Absorption of water
C. Transport of nutrients
D. Gas exchange
The correct answer is B. Absorption of water.
Explanation:
Root hairs increase the surface area of roots for efficient absorption of water and minerals from the soil.
Explanation:
Root hairs increase the surface area of roots for efficient absorption of water and minerals from the soil.
8. Which of the following is an example of a gymnosperm?
A. Pinus
B. Mango
C. Wheat
D. Rose
The correct answer is A. Pinus.
Explanation:
Pinus is a gymnosperm, a group of seed-producing plants with unenclosed or "naked" seeds.
Explanation:
Pinus is a gymnosperm, a group of seed-producing plants with unenclosed or "naked" seeds.
9. What type of root system is commonly found in monocots?
A. Taproot system
B. Fibrous root system
C. Adventitious root system
D. Prop root system
The correct answer is B. Fibrous root system.
Explanation:
Monocots typically have a fibrous root system, characterized by numerous fine roots of similar size.
Explanation:
Monocots typically have a fibrous root system, characterized by numerous fine roots of similar size.
10. Which pigment is primarily responsible for the green color of leaves?
A. Carotene
B. Chlorophyll
C. Anthocyanin
D. Xanthophyll
The correct answer is B. Chlorophyll.
Explanation:
Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in chloroplasts and is crucial for photosynthesis in plants.
Explanation:
Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in chloroplasts and is crucial for photosynthesis in plants.
11. What is the primary function of xylem in plants?
A. Transport of food
B. Transport of water
C. Photosynthesis
D. Support
The correct answer is B. Transport of water.
Explanation:
Xylem is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant.
Explanation:
Xylem is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant.
12. Which type of vascular tissue is responsible for the transport of nutrients in plants?
A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Collenchyma
D. Sclerenchyma
The correct answer is B. Phloem.
Explanation:
Phloem is responsible for the transport of nutrients, especially sugars, throughout the plant.
Explanation:
Phloem is responsible for the transport of nutrients, especially sugars, throughout the plant.
13. Which of the following structures helps in the exchange of gases in plants?
A. Xylem
B. Stomata
C. Chloroplasts
D. Phloem
The correct answer is B. Stomata.
Explanation:
Stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves that allow for the exchange of gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Explanation:
Stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves that allow for the exchange of gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide.
14. Which type of plants do not produce flowers?
A. Gymnosperms
B. Angiosperms
C. Ferns
D. Mosses
The correct answer is A. Gymnosperms.
Explanation:
Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants that do not produce flowers, unlike angiosperms.
Explanation:
Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants that do not produce flowers, unlike angiosperms.
15. Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for reproduction?
A. Root
B. Stem
C. Leaves
D. Flowers
The correct answer is D. Flowers.
Explanation:
Flowers are the reproductive structures in plants that facilitate pollination and seed production.
Explanation:
Flowers are the reproductive structures in plants that facilitate pollination and seed production.
37. Which type of plant cell is involved in the process of transpiration?
A. Sclerenchyma
B. Parenchyma
C. Guard cells
D. Collenchyma
The correct answer is C. Guard cells.
Explanation:
Guard cells surround the stomata and control the opening and closing of the stomata, regulating the process of transpiration in plants.
Explanation:
Guard cells surround the stomata and control the opening and closing of the stomata, regulating the process of transpiration in plants.
17. Which of the following is a characteristic of monocots?
A. Two cotyledons
B. One cotyledon
C. Vascular bundles arranged in a ring
D. Leaves with reticulate venation
The correct answer is B. One cotyledon.
Explanation:
Monocots are characterized by having only one cotyledon, while dicots have two cotyledons.
Explanation:
Monocots are characterized by having only one cotyledon, while dicots have two cotyledons.
18. What is the primary function of the root in plants?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Transport of nutrients
C. Anchoring the plant and absorption of water
D. Reproduction
The correct answer is C. Anchoring the plant and absorption of water.
Explanation:
The primary function of roots is to anchor the plant in the soil and absorb water and minerals from the ground.
Explanation:
The primary function of roots is to anchor the plant in the soil and absorb water and minerals from the ground.
19. Which of the following is a non-vascular plant?
A. Fern
B. Moss
C. Pine tree
D. Oak tree
The correct answer is B. Moss.
Explanation:
Mosses are non-vascular plants that do not have a system of vessels for transporting water and nutrients.
Explanation:
Mosses are non-vascular plants that do not have a system of vessels for transporting water and nutrients.
20. What is the primary function of the root system in plants?
A. To produce flowers
B. To carry out photosynthesis
C. To anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients
D. To transport food to the leaves
The correct answer is C. To anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients.
Explanation:
The root system anchors the plant in the soil and absorbs water, minerals, and nutrients essential for growth. It also stores food in some plants.
Explanation:
The root system anchors the plant in the soil and absorbs water, minerals, and nutrients essential for growth. It also stores food in some plants.
21. What type of reproduction is exhibited by mosses?
A. Asexual reproduction through spores
B. Sexual reproduction through gametes
C. Budding
D. Binary fission
The correct answer is B. Sexual reproduction through gametes.
Explanation:
Mosses exhibit sexual reproduction where male and female gametes unite to form a zygote.
Explanation:
Mosses exhibit sexual reproduction where male and female gametes unite to form a zygote.
22. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of dicot plants?
A. Parallel venation
B. Reticulate venation
C. One cotyledon
D. Presence of vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem
The correct answer is B. Reticulate venation.
Explanation:
Dicots generally have reticulate venation in their leaves, where veins form a net-like pattern.
Explanation:
Dicots generally have reticulate venation in their leaves, where veins form a net-like pattern.
23. What is the function of xylem in plants?
A. Transport of food
B. Transport of water and minerals
C. Storage of starch
D. Photosynthesis
The correct answer is B. Transport of water and minerals.
Explanation:
Xylem is responsible for transporting water and dissolved minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant.
Explanation:
Xylem is responsible for transporting water and dissolved minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant.
24. What is the function of phloem in plants?
A. Transport of water
B. Storage of food
C. Transport of food
D. Synthesis of proteins
The correct answer is C. Transport of food.
Explanation:
Phloem is responsible for transporting the products of photosynthesis, such as sugars, from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
Explanation:
Phloem is responsible for transporting the products of photosynthesis, such as sugars, from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
25. Which of the following is a type of asexual reproduction in plants?
A. Pollination
B. Budding
C. Fertilization
D. Germination
The correct answer is B. Budding.
Explanation:
Budding is a type of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud of the parent.
Explanation:
Budding is a type of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud of the parent.
26. Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for photosynthesis?
A. Root
B. Stem
C. Leaf
D. Flower
The correct answer is C. Leaf.
Explanation:
The leaf contains chlorophyll, which is responsible for absorbing light energy to carry out photosynthesis.
Explanation:
The leaf contains chlorophyll, which is responsible for absorbing light energy to carry out photosynthesis.
27. What is the primary function of the root in plants?
A. Synthesis of food
B. Absorption of water and minerals
C. Reproduction
D. Transpiration
The correct answer is B. Absorption of water and minerals.
Explanation:
The root anchors the plant in the soil and absorbs water and minerals necessary for growth.
Explanation:
The root anchors the plant in the soil and absorbs water and minerals necessary for growth.
28. Which of the following is not a vascular tissue in plants?
A. Parenchyma
B. Xylem
C. Phloem
D. Vessels
The correct answer is A. Parenchyma.
Explanation:
Parenchyma is a type of ground tissue, not vascular tissue. Xylem and phloem are vascular tissues responsible for transport.
Explanation:
Parenchyma is a type of ground tissue, not vascular tissue. Xylem and phloem are vascular tissues responsible for transport.
29. What is the function of chlorophyll in plants?
A. Absorption of water
B. Absorption of nutrients
C. Absorption of light energy
D. Storage of food
The correct answer is C. Absorption of light energy.
Explanation:
Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which is essential for photosynthesis in plants.
Explanation:
Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which is essential for photosynthesis in plants.
30. Which gas is produced during the process of respiration in plants?
A. Oxygen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Nitrogen
D. Hydrogen
The correct answer is B. Carbon dioxide.
Explanation:
During respiration, plants release carbon dioxide as a byproduct, unlike photosynthesis where oxygen is released.
Explanation:
During respiration, plants release carbon dioxide as a byproduct, unlike photosynthesis where oxygen is released.
31. What is the process by which plants lose water vapor through stomata called?
A. Respiration
B. Photosynthesis
C. Transpiration
D. Germination
The correct answer is C. Transpiration.
Explanation:
Transpiration is the process through which plants lose water vapor from their leaves through stomata.
Explanation:
Transpiration is the process through which plants lose water vapor from their leaves through stomata.
32. What is the main component of the cell wall in plants?
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Cellulose
D. Starch
The correct answer is C. Cellulose.
Explanation:
The cell wall of plants is primarily made of cellulose, which provides structural support and protection.
Explanation:
The cell wall of plants is primarily made of cellulose, which provides structural support and protection.
33. Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for photosynthesis?
A. Root
B. Stem
C. Leaf
D. Flower
The correct answer is C. Leaf.
Explanation:
The leaf contains chlorophyll, which helps in the process of photosynthesis, converting sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen.
Explanation:
The leaf contains chlorophyll, which helps in the process of photosynthesis, converting sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen.
34. What is the term used for the process in which a seed develops into a new plant?
A. Germination
B. Pollination
C. Fertilization
D. None of the above
The correct answer is A. Germination.
Explanation:
Germination is the process by which a seed develops into a new plant under favorable conditions.
Explanation:
Germination is the process by which a seed develops into a new plant under favorable conditions.
35. Which of the following part of the plant produce seeds?
A. Root
B. Stem
C. Flower
D. Leaf
The correct answer is C. Flower.
Explanation:
Flowers are the reproductive organs of plants, responsible for producing seeds.
Explanation:
Flowers are the reproductive organs of plants, responsible for producing seeds.
36. Which plant hormone is responsible for promoting cell division?
A. Gibberellin
B. Cytokinin
C. Auxin
D. Ethylene
The correct answer is B. Cytokinin.
Explanation:
Cytokinins are plant hormones that promote cell division and growth, especially in the roots and shoots.
Explanation:
Cytokinins are plant hormones that promote cell division and growth, especially in the roots and shoots.
37. What is the main function of chlorophyll in plants?
A. Absorb water
B. Absorb sunlight
C. Capture light energy
D. Release oxygen
The correct answer is C. Capture light energy.
Explanation:
Chlorophyll is responsible for capturing light energy during photosynthesis, enabling plants to convert light into chemical energy.
Explanation:
Chlorophyll is responsible for capturing light energy during photosynthesis, enabling plants to convert light into chemical energy.
38. What is the name of the process by which plants make their own food?
A. Respiration
B. Germination
C. Photosynthesis
D. Transpiration
The correct answer is C. Photosynthesis.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their own food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their own food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.
39. What is the protective layer of cells that surrounds the stomata called?
A. Epidermis
B. Mesophyll
C. Guard cells
D. Xylem
The correct answer is C. Guard cells.
Explanation:
Guard cells surround the stomata and regulate their opening and closing, controlling gas exchange and water loss.
Explanation:
Guard cells surround the stomata and regulate their opening and closing, controlling gas exchange and water loss.
40. Which of the following is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium found in the roots of legumes?
A. Rhizopus
B. Rhizobium
C. Aspergillus
D. Penicillium
The correct answer is B. Rhizobium.
Explanation:
Rhizobium is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium that forms symbiotic relationships with legumes to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by plants.
Explanation:
Rhizobium is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium that forms symbiotic relationships with legumes to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by plants.
34. What is the main function of the phloem tissue in plants?
A. Transport of water
B. Storage of food
C. Transport of food
D. Photosynthesis
The correct answer is C. Transport of food.
Explanation:
Phloem is responsible for transporting the products of photosynthesis, primarily sugars, from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
Explanation:
Phloem is responsible for transporting the products of photosynthesis, primarily sugars, from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
42. Which part of the plant cell contains the genetic material?
A. Mitochondria
B. Chloroplast
C. Nucleus
D. Ribosome
The correct answer is C. Nucleus.
Explanation:
The nucleus contains the plant cell's genetic material in the form of DNA, which is responsible for controlling cellular functions.
Explanation:
The nucleus contains the plant cell's genetic material in the form of DNA, which is responsible for controlling cellular functions.
40. Which of the following is not a type of plant tissue?
A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Parenchyma
D. Myelin
The correct answer is D. Myelin.
Explanation:
Myelin is a substance found in animal cells, not in plants. Xylem, phloem, and parenchyma are all types of plant tissues.
Explanation:
Myelin is a substance found in animal cells, not in plants. Xylem, phloem, and parenchyma are all types of plant tissues.
44. What is the main function of the phloem in plants?
A. Transport of water
B. Transport of oxygen
C. Transport of food
D. Transport of minerals
The correct answer is C. Transport of food.
Explanation:
Phloem is responsible for transporting the food (mainly sugars) produced in the leaves to other parts of the plant.
Explanation:
Phloem is responsible for transporting the food (mainly sugars) produced in the leaves to other parts of the plant.
45. Which of the following is not a type of plant tissue?
A. Meristematic tissue
B. Permanent tissue
C. Ground tissue
D. Epidermal tissue
The correct answer is D. Epidermal tissue.
Explanation:
Epidermal tissue is not a primary classification of plant tissue. The primary tissues are meristematic, permanent, and ground tissues.
Explanation:
Epidermal tissue is not a primary classification of plant tissue. The primary tissues are meristematic, permanent, and ground tissues.
46. Which of the following is the main product of photosynthesis?
A. Oxygen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Glucose
D. Nitrogen
The correct answer is C. Glucose.
Explanation:
The main product of photosynthesis is glucose, which plants use as a source of energy and to build other organic compounds.
Explanation:
The main product of photosynthesis is glucose, which plants use as a source of energy and to build other organic compounds.
47. Which of the following structures is involved in the process of transpiration in plants?
A. Chloroplast
B. Stomata
C. Mitochondria
D. Nucleus
The correct answer is B. Stomata.
Explanation:
Stomata are small pores found on the surface of leaves that regulate the exchange of gases and the process of transpiration.
Explanation:
Stomata are small pores found on the surface of leaves that regulate the exchange of gases and the process of transpiration.
48. What is the main function of the plant root system?
A. Transport of food
B. Photosynthesis
C. Absorption of water and minerals
D. Reproduction
The correct answer is C. Absorption of water and minerals.
Explanation:
The root system is primarily responsible for absorbing water and minerals from the soil, providing nutrients for the plant.
Explanation:
The root system is primarily responsible for absorbing water and minerals from the soil, providing nutrients for the plant.
49. Which of the following is a component of the plant's vascular system?
A. Epidermis
B. Xylem
C. Cuticle
D. Pericycle
The correct answer is B. Xylem.
Explanation:
Xylem is part of the vascular system in plants, responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.
Explanation:
Xylem is part of the vascular system in plants, responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.
50. The process of cell division that results in the formation of gametes is called:
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Binary fission
D. Budding
The correct answer is B. Meiosis.
Explanation:
Meiosis is the type of cell division that produces gametes (sex cells), reducing the chromosome number by half for reproduction.
Explanation:
Meiosis is the type of cell division that produces gametes (sex cells), reducing the chromosome number by half for reproduction.
51. What is the primary function of the chloroplast in plant cells?
A. Respiration
B. Photosynthesis
C. Protein synthesis
D. Digestion
The correct answer is B. Photosynthesis.
Explanation:
Chloroplasts are the organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs, converting light energy into chemical energy.
Explanation:
Chloroplasts are the organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs, converting light energy into chemical energy.
52. Which of the following is responsible for the transportation of sugars in plants?
A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Epidermis
D. Cambium
The correct answer is B. Phloem.
Explanation:
Phloem is the tissue responsible for transporting sugars and other organic nutrients throughout the plant.
Explanation:
Phloem is the tissue responsible for transporting sugars and other organic nutrients throughout the plant.
53. Which of the following is not a part of the plant's vascular system?
A. Epidermis
B. Xylem
C. Phloem
D. Cambium
The correct answer is A. Epidermis.
Explanation:
The epidermis is the outer layer of cells, while xylem, phloem, and cambium are all components of the vascular system.
Explanation:
The epidermis is the outer layer of cells, while xylem, phloem, and cambium are all components of the vascular system.
54. In which part of the plant does cellular respiration primarily take place?
A. Roots
B. Leaves
C. Mitochondria
D. Stomata
The correct answer is C. Mitochondria.
Explanation:
Cellular respiration primarily occurs in the mitochondria of the cell, where energy is released by breaking down glucose.
Explanation:
Cellular respiration primarily occurs in the mitochondria of the cell, where energy is released by breaking down glucose.
55. Which part of the plant is responsible for producing flowers and seeds?
A. Root
B. Stem
C. Flower
D. Leaf
The correct answer is C. Flower.
Explanation:
The flower is the reproductive organ in plants, responsible for producing seeds and facilitating reproduction.
Explanation:
The flower is the reproductive organ in plants, responsible for producing seeds and facilitating reproduction.
56. Which of the following is the process by which plants lose water through small openings in their leaves?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Translocation
C. Germination
D. Transpiration
The correct answer is D. Transpiration.
Explanation:
Transpiration is the process where water vapor is lost from plant leaves through small pores called stomata.
Explanation:
Transpiration is the process where water vapor is lost from plant leaves through small pores called stomata.
57. Which element is the major component of proteins in plants?
A. Oxygen
B. Hydrogen
C. Nitrogen
D. Carbon
The correct answer is D. Carbon.
Explanation:
Carbon is the major element in organic molecules like proteins, which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen.
Explanation:
Carbon is the major element in organic molecules like proteins, which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen.
58. What is the primary function of the plant's root system?
A. Transport water and minerals
B. Store food
C. Anchor the plant and absorb nutrients
D. Produce seeds
The correct answer is C. Anchor the plant and absorb nutrients.
Explanation:
Roots anchor the plant to the soil and are responsible for absorbing water and nutrients necessary for growth.
Explanation:
Roots anchor the plant to the soil and are responsible for absorbing water and nutrients necessary for growth.
59. Which of the following is NOT a function of the leaf in plants?
A. Water absorption
B. Photosynthesis
C. Gas exchange
D. Transpiration
The correct answer is A. Water absorption.
Explanation:
Leaves perform photosynthesis, gas exchange, and transpiration, but water absorption is a function of the roots.
Explanation:
Leaves perform photosynthesis, gas exchange, and transpiration, but water absorption is a function of the roots.
60. Which type of plant cell is responsible for providing structural support to the plant?
A. Parenchyma
B. Collenchyma
C. Xylem
D. Sclerenchyma
The correct answer is D. Sclerenchyma.
Explanation:
Sclerenchyma cells provide mechanical support and strength to the plant, with thickened cell walls containing lignin.
Explanation:
Sclerenchyma cells provide mechanical support and strength to the plant, with thickened cell walls containing lignin.
61. Which of the following is NOT a part of the plant's vascular system?
A. Epidermis
B. Xylem
C. Phloem
D. Cambium
The correct answer is A. Epidermis.
Explanation:
The epidermis is not a part of the vascular system, which is composed of xylem, phloem, and cambium.
Explanation:
The epidermis is not a part of the vascular system, which is composed of xylem, phloem, and cambium.
62. What type of tissue in plants is responsible for the growth in length?
A. Collenchyma
B. Sclerenchyma
C. Phloem
D. Meristematic tissue
The correct answer is D. Meristematic tissue.
Explanation:
Meristematic tissue is responsible for the growth in length (primary growth) in plants, found at the tips of roots and shoots.
Explanation:
Meristematic tissue is responsible for the growth in length (primary growth) in plants, found at the tips of roots and shoots.
63. Which of the following elements is essential for photosynthesis in plants?
A. Nitrogen
B. Magnesium
C. Chlorine
D. Potassium
The correct answer is C. Chlorine.
Explanation:
Chlorine plays a role in water splitting during photosynthesis, which releases oxygen.
Explanation:
Chlorine plays a role in water splitting during photosynthesis, which releases oxygen.
64. What is the main product of photosynthesis in plants?
A. Oxygen
B. Water
C. Glucose
D. Nitrogen
The correct answer is C. Glucose.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis produces glucose as its main product, which is used for energy and growth in plants.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis produces glucose as its main product, which is used for energy and growth in plants.
65. What is the role of the phloem tissue in plants?
A. Transport water and minerals
B. Transport sugars and nutrients
C. Protect the plant
D. Store food
The correct answer is B. Transport sugars and nutrients.
Explanation:
Phloem transports the products of photosynthesis, primarily sugars, from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
Explanation:
Phloem transports the products of photosynthesis, primarily sugars, from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
66. Which of the following is a non-vascular plant?
A. Fern
B. Moss
C. Pine tree
D. Oak tree
The correct answer is B. Moss.
Explanation:
Mosses are non-vascular plants, meaning they lack the vascular tissues like xylem and phloem.
Explanation:
Mosses are non-vascular plants, meaning they lack the vascular tissues like xylem and phloem.
67. What type of cell division leads to the formation of gametes in animals?
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Binary fission
D. Budding
The correct answer is B. Meiosis.
Explanation:
Meiosis is the type of cell division that produces gametes (sperm and eggs) in animals, reducing the chromosome number by half.
Explanation:
Meiosis is the type of cell division that produces gametes (sperm and eggs) in animals, reducing the chromosome number by half.
68. What is the primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells?
A. Protein synthesis
B. Respiration
C. Photosynthesis
D. Water storage
The correct answer is C. Photosynthesis.
Explanation:
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis in plant cells, where sunlight is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.
Explanation:
Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis in plant cells, where sunlight is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.
69. Which type of plant is known for its ability to live in dry conditions?
A. Fern
B. Moss
C. Cactus
D. Pine
The correct answer is C. Cactus.
Explanation:
Cacti are adapted to dry, desert environments, with features like thick stems and spines to conserve water.
Explanation:
Cacti are adapted to dry, desert environments, with features like thick stems and spines to conserve water.
70. What is the term for the process by which plants lose water vapor through their leaves?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Transpiration
C. Respiration
D. Germination
The correct answer is B. Transpiration.
Explanation:
Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water vapor from the surface of their leaves into the atmosphere.
Explanation:
Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water vapor from the surface of their leaves into the atmosphere.
71. What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells, and why are they essential for plant survival?
A. They produce oxygen as a byproduct of respiration
B. They store water for the plant during droughts
C. They carry out photosynthesis to produce food for the plant
D. They aid in the transport of minerals within the plant
The correct answer is C. They carry out photosynthesis to produce food for the plant.
Explanation:
Chloroplasts are specialized organelles found in plant cells that contain the pigment chlorophyll. They absorb light energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy through photosynthesis. This process produces glucose, which serves as the primary source of energy and food for the plant. Without chloroplasts, plants would not be able to produce their own food and would not survive.
Explanation:
Chloroplasts are specialized organelles found in plant cells that contain the pigment chlorophyll. They absorb light energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy through photosynthesis. This process produces glucose, which serves as the primary source of energy and food for the plant. Without chloroplasts, plants would not be able to produce their own food and would not survive.
72. What is the term for a plant's response to light?
A. Gravitropism
B. Phototropism
C. Thigmotropism
D. Hydrotropism
The correct answer is B. Phototropism.
Explanation:
Phototropism is the growth of plants in response to light, where plants tend to grow towards light sources.
Explanation:
Phototropism is the growth of plants in response to light, where plants tend to grow towards light sources.
36. What is the primary function of the root hairs in plants?
A. To store nutrients
B. To absorb sunlight
C. To absorb water and minerals
D. To anchor the plant in the soil
The correct answer is C. To absorb water and minerals.
Explanation:
Root hairs increase the surface area for the absorption of water and minerals from the soil, aiding in the plant's growth.
Explanation:
Root hairs increase the surface area for the absorption of water and minerals from the soil, aiding in the plant's growth.
74. Which of the following plant organs is primarily responsible for the absorption of water?
A. Stem
B. Roots
C. Leaves
D. Flowers
The correct answer is B. Roots.
Explanation:
Roots are primarily responsible for the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil, which are then transported to the rest of the plant.
Explanation:
Roots are primarily responsible for the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil, which are then transported to the rest of the plant.
75. Which of the following is the main function of the plant's stomata?
A. Water absorption
B. Oxygen release
C. Gas exchange
D. Nutrient uptake
The correct answer is C. Gas exchange.
Explanation:
Stomata are small openings on the surface of plant leaves and stems that allow the exchange of gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, during photosynthesis and respiration.
Explanation:
Stomata are small openings on the surface of plant leaves and stems that allow the exchange of gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, during photosynthesis and respiration.
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